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Slope Calculator

Slope, equation, and angle of a line through two points.

Runs locally·Free, no signup·Updated May 6, 2026
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How it works

A walkthrough, end to end.

  1. 1

    Enter the coordinates of two points: (x₁, y₁) and (x₂, y₂).

  2. 2

    The calculator computes the slope (rise/run), the equation in slope-intercept form (y = mx + b), and the angle from horizontal.

  3. 3

    Shows distance between points as a bonus.

Reference

Slope formula

Slope m = (y₂ − y₁) / (x₂ − x₁). The 'rise over run' definition. Vertical lines have undefined slope. Angle from horizontal = arctan(m), in degrees.

Use cases

What you can do with this.

Roof pitch

Roof rises 6 ft over a 12 ft horizontal run → slope = 0.5 = '6:12 pitch'. The calculator gives slope and angle (~26.6°). Industry conventions vary by country and roof type.

Wheelchair ramp

ADA requires max slope of 1:12 (8.3%). Rise 1 ft → run minimum 12 ft. The calculator helps confirm slope is within spec for an accessible ramp.

Hill grade for road / cycling

Cyclist climbs 100 m elevation over 2 km → slope = 5%. Tour-de-France 'serious climbs' typically 7%+ average grade with sections at 12%+.

Linear regression line

Fit a line to data points: slope is rise per unit horizontal change. Common regression line is best-fit through scatter — but the calculator handles a single straight line through two specific points.

Demand / supply curve

Economics: linear demand or supply curves have constant slope. Slope = price-per-quantity sensitivity. Useful for elasticity calculations.

Slope and rate of change

In any time-series, slope between two data points = average rate of change. e.g., revenue went from $1M to $1.5M in 2 years → slope = 250K/year.

Vertical line case

When x₁ = x₂, slope is undefined (division by zero). Geometrically: a vertical line has infinite slope. The calculator returns 'undefined' in this case.

Slope calculator 2026 — what's current

Foundation of linear algebra and analytics. AI tools handle reliably. Standalone calculator wins for speed on one-off lookups.

FAQ

Frequently asked.

  • Line goes up from left to right. Negative slope: goes down. Zero slope: horizontal. Undefined slope: vertical.

  • Once you have slope m, plug either point into y = mx + b and solve for b. The calculator does this automatically — equation form is reported in the output.

  • angle = arctan(slope). 1.0 slope = 45°. 2.0 slope = 63.4°. Negative slope gives negative angle (below horizontal).

  • No. Calculations run entirely in your browser.